Allegorical depictions of the economy

Allegories are pictorial representations of abstract concepts, frequently in the form of a personification. When paper money began to establish itself in the 19th century, this stylistic device was often used to decorate banknotes. Allegories and personifications of individual economic sectors were particularly popular.

While Latin American banknote design in the 19th century was closely oriented towards European models, the designers in the 20th century increasingly set their own course when it came to allegorical depictions. Attributes and backgrounds were used to highlight the economic sectors that were of particular importance to Latin America.

Argentina 1861, Merkur, on bundles of goods stored on the coast: along with the caduceus (Hermes' staff), the god of trade is given three nautical attributes in the form of an anchor, a rudder, and a trident - thereby indicating the importance of overseas trade for the Argentinian economy.

El Salvador 1935, beneath a fruit tree a female allegorical figure is reclining on a banana tree and holding the branch of a coffee tree in her hands: the personification of El Salvador's (plantation) agriculture.

Brazil 1943, Hercules-like allegory of (heavy) industry surrounded by factories: successful iconographic realisation of the economic policy programme for the industrialisation of Brazil.